Hechaluz (Heb., the pioneer) refers to an association of Jewish youth whose goal was to train its members for settlement in Eretz Israel. The first organizations bearing this name were founded in 1904/1905 almost simultaneously in the USA and in Russia. During the XII. Zionist Congress in Carlsbad in 1921, it was decided to establish a world federation. In 1922 the national association of the German Hechaluz was founded.