The Orthodox “Noar Agudati” (youth association) offered non-Zionist Hakhshara training. However, some of its halutzim and halutzot also completed this training at Zionist “Bachad” training centers such as the Gehringshof. With Siegburg, Halberstadt, and Hakhshara centers in the Netherlands and Belgium, the Orthodox Pioneer group also had its own (small) Hakhshara locations. In some cities, there was also the option to complete the training as part of a Bet halutz, a Bet Hinuch (House of Education), a yeshiva, or a special girls’ seminary.